Which sign may indicate infection after a paracentesis procedure?

Fever is a significant clinical sign that may indicate infection after a paracentesis procedure. This procedure involves the removal of excess fluid from the abdominal cavity, which can introduce bacteria and lead to infections, such as peritonitis. Fever is a common symptom of infection because it represents the body’s immune response to fighting off pathogens. A sustained or elevated temperature following the procedure should prompt further investigation for potential infection.

Changes in appetite, abdominal bloating, and pain relief, while they may be associated with the patient's condition post-procedure, are not specific indicators of infection. Changes in appetite could result from various factors unrelated to infection, like pain or discomfort after the procedure. Abdominal bloating can occur for many reasons, including fluid shifts or normal postoperative recovery, and does not necessarily point to an infectious process. Additionally, pain relief may be expected after paracentesis due to the reduction of pressure in the abdomen, and does not signify infection. Thus, fever stands out as the most indicative sign of a possible infection following a paracentesis.