What is the mechanism of action of misoprostol in patients with peptic ulcer disease?

Misoprostol acts primarily as a prostaglandin analog and plays a significant role in protecting the gastric mucosa, particularly in patients who are at risk for peptic ulcer disease, such as those taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Its mechanism of action involves stimulating the secretion of mucus and bicarbonate in the stomach, which creates a protective barrier against gastric acid. This action helps to heal and prevent ulcers by enhancing mucosal defense.

Moreover, misoprostol also promotes vasodilation and increases mucosal blood flow, which is crucial for maintaining gastrointestinal mucosal integrity. Enhanced blood flow supports tissue repair and regeneration, further contributing to its protective effects against ulcer formation. The choice that describes misoprostol's function in lining the stomach for protection aligns perfectly with its role as a mucosal protector, distinguishing it from other potential mechanisms that do not reflect its therapeutic benefits.