What is proteinuria, and what does it indicate?

Proteinuria refers to the presence of excess protein in the urine. This condition serves as an important clinical indicator, particularly concerning kidney health. When the kidneys are functioning properly, they filter blood and maintain a balance of proteins, preventing them from leaking into the urine. However, damage to the kidney's filtering units, known as glomeruli, can allow protein to escape into the urine, leading to proteinuria.

The presence of excess protein in the urine can suggest underlying health issues, such as chronic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, or other renal impairments. Detecting proteinuria can prompt further evaluation to determine the underlying cause, allowing for early intervention and management of potential kidney damage or disease progression. This makes it a critical finding in medical assessments and renal health monitoring.