What indicates the gastrointestinal system is functioning normally after abdominal surgery?

The return of bowel sounds is a key indicator that the gastrointestinal system is functioning normally after abdominal surgery. Following surgery, the gut may experience a temporary paralysis known as "ileus," during which bowel sounds may be diminished or absent. The presence of bowel sounds suggests that peristalsis—the coordinated contractions of the intestinal muscles—is returning, indicating that the digestive system is starting to regain its function.

While normal appetite and the absence of bowel sounds can be considerations during recovery, they do not provide the same immediate insight into the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract as the return of bowel sounds. Normal appetite can take a little longer to return post-surgery, and the absence of bowel sounds may indicate ongoing ileus or complications. Diarrhea is not a typical indicator of normal function immediately following surgery, as it may suggest an underlying issue.